The mining area, mine production scale and mine working system shall be determined according to resource conditions and market demand. The basis for mining is to comprehensively analyze the natural environment and technical conditions. The mining process can be divided into development and transportation, stripping and mining.
The task of development and transportation is to open up transportation channels from the mine industrial site to the working steps in the stope and to the waste rock yard. The overburden stripping is to strip the topsoil and non mineral rock strata that cover the ore. Common methods include manual stripping, and mechanical stripping is carried out by bulldozers and wheel loaders at some mining sites. Separation is to separate the strip block stone from the original rock of the ore bed.
Limited by the mining scale and production mode, two methods are generally adopted for waste mining: manual drilling and splitting and controlled blasting. Top overturning is to overturn the strip shaped block stone to facilitate its cutting and separation. Generally, jacks and traction methods are mainly used in mines. Disintegration and division refers to the division of rough or waste materials according to the required scale of block stones, mainly using manual wedge, chiseling and splitting, controlled blasting and other methods.
Shaping is to process the divided blank to form finished blank in line with the scale. At present, the methods used in the mine are mainly simple methods such as hand hammering and chiseling, without mechanical operation. Hoisting and loading is the process of transporting the processed and formed waste materials to the transportation tools. At present, most mines use mast cranes. Debris removal is the process of transporting the broken stone that will not become waste material from the waste material processing plant.
In general, the current waste mining work in the mine is mainly in the state of semi mechanical and semi manual mining, which has not yet formed a certain scale, and lacks unity and systematicness in management.
